The last four items focus on the teacher being intentional with their students. knowing that every minuet and every activity has a purpose helps teachers prioritize, and reflect on their own practices. "Knowing what to do is only part of the equation. The other half is knowing when and why to do it."
References: Goodwin, R. & Hubbell, E. R. (2013). The 12 touchstones of good teaching: A checklist for staying focused every day. Alexandria, VA: ASCD.